In 2023, the FDA approved the first non-prescription contraceptive pill, Opill, which is available over the counter in the US. Opill is a progestin-only pill, making it suitable for people who are unable to take estrogen. When used correctly, Opill is 98% effective at preventing pregnancy. However, it does not protect against STDs or STIs.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Name of the pill | Opill |
| Availability | Pharmacies, convenience stores, grocery stores, online |
| Cost | $19.99 for a one-month supply |
| Prescription required | No |
| Effectiveness | 98% effective at preventing pregnancy when used as directed |
| Time to start working | 48 hours |
| Suitable for | Most individuals capable of becoming pregnant, including those with high blood pressure, who are breastfeeding, perimenopausal, or smokers |
| Not suitable for | People who are pregnant or have breast cancer or another progestin-sensitive cancer |
| Side effects | Irregular bleeding, headaches, dizziness, nausea, increased appetite, abdominal pain, cramps, or bloating |
| Protection against STIs | No |
What You'll Learn
- Opill: The First Over-The-Counter Birth Control Pill
- How Opill Works?
- Who Should Not Take Opill?
- Other Over-The-Counter Birth Control Options
- The Benefits of Over-The-Counter Birth Control Pills
Opill: The First Over-The-Counter Birth Control Pill
Opill is a groundbreaking, over-the-counter birth control pill that offers a convenient and accessible method of contraception for individuals seeking an easy and effective way to prevent pregnancy. It is a full prescription-strength oral contraceptive that contains only one hormone, progestin (norgestrel), and is estrogen-free. This unique composition makes it suitable for most individuals capable of becoming pregnant, including those with specific medical conditions or life circumstances that may prevent them from taking estrogen-based contraceptives.
One of the most significant advantages of Opill is its accessibility. As the first over-the-counter birth control pill, Opill eliminates the need for a doctor's prescription or appointment, making it widely available to those who may face barriers in accessing traditional prescription contraceptives. It can be purchased easily from the aisles of major pharmacies, popular retail stores, and even online, without any questions asked. This convenience empowers individuals to take control of their reproductive health without the hassle of navigating the healthcare system.
The effectiveness of Opill is well-established. When used as directed, it is 98% effective at preventing pregnancy, outperforming other over-the-counter barrier methods. It is important to note that, like any contraceptive pill, Opill should be taken at the same time every day for optimal effectiveness. Additionally, it takes two days for Opill to start working after initiation, so individuals are advised to use additional barrier methods during intercourse for the first two days.
Opill is a safe option for most individuals capable of becoming pregnant. Unlike combination birth control pills that contain both progestin and estrogen, Opill, as a progestin-only pill, is associated with fewer risks. It does not carry the same dangers of blood clots or stroke that are linked to combination pills. However, it is important to note that Opill may not be suitable for everyone. Individuals who are pregnant or have breast cancer or another progestin-sensitive cancer should refrain from taking Opill. Additionally, the pill's effectiveness may be reduced in those taking certain medications, such as drugs for epilepsy or antibiotics for tuberculosis.
Overall, Opill represents a significant advancement in reproductive health and contraceptive accessibility. Its approval by the FDA as the first non-prescription daily oral contraceptive pill in the United States offers a convenient, effective, and safe option for individuals seeking an over-the-counter birth control solution.
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How Opill Works
Opill is a full prescription-strength, over-the-counter birth control pill that is suitable for most people capable of becoming pregnant. It is the first birth control pill to be available over the counter in the United States. It is also the first nonprescription daily oral contraceptive approved for use in the country.
Opill is a progestin-only pill, also known as a POP or mini pill, and does not contain estrogen. This means it is suitable for people who are unable to take estrogen-based contraceptives due to medical conditions or life circumstances. It is also safer than combination pills, as it does not carry the same risks of blood clots or strokes.
Opill works by thickening the cervical mucus, which helps to block sperm from reaching the egg. It may also prevent the ovaries from releasing eggs in some cycles. It is 98% effective at preventing pregnancy when used as directed. It is important to take Opill at the same time every day for it to work effectively. It takes two days for Opill to start working, so patients should use a condom or other barrier methods during intercourse for the first two days after starting Opill.
Opill should not be used by people who are pregnant or have breast cancer or another progestin-sensitive cancer. It may also be less effective for people taking certain medications, such as antibiotics for tuberculosis or epilepsy medication.
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Who Should Not Take Opill
Opill is a full prescription-strength, over-the-counter birth control pill that is suitable for most people who are capable of becoming pregnant. It is a progestin-only pill and does not contain estrogen, which makes it safer than combination birth control pills.
However, there are some groups of people who should not take Opill. Firstly, those who are pregnant or suspect they might be pregnant should not take it. Additionally, individuals who have or have had breast cancer or another progestin-sensitive cancer are advised against taking Opill. This includes people with thrombogenic mutations like prothrombin mutation, factor V Leiden, protein C, protein S, and antithrombin deficiencies. Furthermore, Opill may be less effective for those taking certain medications, such as epilepsy drugs, antibiotics for tuberculosis, anti-HIV drugs, some antifungal medications, and even some herbs like St. John's Wort.
People with blood clotting problems that are not successfully being treated should also refrain from taking progestin-only birth control pills. This is because the use of oral contraceptive pills, especially those with estrogen, can increase the risk of blood clots or stroke. Additionally, postpartum women have a higher risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), so it is recommended to avoid combination oral contraceptives for the first 42 days following delivery, irrespective of breastfeeding.
It is important to note that individuals taking Opill should use a condom or other barrier methods during intercourse for the first two days after initiating the pill, as it takes time to become effective.
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Other Over-The-Counter Birth Control Options
As of 2024, Opill is the only over-the-counter birth control pill available in the United States. It is a progestin-only pill that does not contain estrogen. It is safe and effective when used as directed and is suitable for most people capable of becoming pregnant, including those who are breastfeeding, perimenopausal, or smokers. It is also a good option for those who are unable to see a healthcare provider.
However, it is important to note that Opill is not suitable for everyone. People who are pregnant, have breast cancer, or another progestin-sensitive cancer should not take it. Additionally, the pill may be less effective for those taking certain medications, such as anti-HIV drugs, some antifungal drugs, antibiotics for tuberculosis, and even some herbs like St. John's Wort.
- Condoms: Condoms are one of the most well-known and readily available OTC birth control options. They are typically about 85%-98% effective in preventing pregnancy when used perfectly. They are also the only OTC contraceptive that can protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
- Spermicide: Spermicide is one of the least effective birth control options, with a typical effectiveness of 72%. However, with perfect use, these products can be up to 82% effective.
- Contraceptive Sponges: These are disc-shaped devices placed over the cervix before sex. They typically contain spermicide and can be up to 91% effective with perfect use.
- Emergency Contraception Pills: These must be taken as soon as possible after unprotected sex, and their effectiveness decreases over time. For example, Plan B is meant to be used within three days of unprotected sex.
- Natural Cycles: This method requires dedication as it must be used every day, but it can be up to 98% effective with perfect use.
- Birth Control Patches and Rings: In some U.S. states, pharmacists can provide birth control patches and rings without a prescription. These can be up to 99% effective with perfect use.
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The Benefits of Over-The-Counter Birth Control Pills
Over-the-counter (OTC) birth control pills have been available outside the United States for years and are currently accessible in more than 100 countries, predominantly in Latin America, Africa, and Europe. In July 2023, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Opill, the first daily oral contraceptive pill to become available over-the-counter without a doctor's prescription. This pill is available to anyone, regardless of their insurance coverage or whether they've seen a doctor.
Increased accessibility and convenience
OTC birth control pills improve access to contraception by removing barriers such as the need for a prescription, the cost and time associated with visiting a healthcare provider, and difficulties in obtaining a prescription due to factors like lack of health insurance. This is especially beneficial for individuals who may face delays or challenges in accessing prescription birth control.
Lowered risk of unintended pregnancies and abortions
Easier access to OTC birth control pills may contribute to lowering the rate of unintended pregnancies and abortions, which could save taxpayers billions of dollars. This is particularly relevant for teens, as research suggests that providing adolescents with easier access to contraception can reduce the risk of teen pregnancies without encouraging more sexual activity.
Long-term health benefits
Making the pill OTC can increase continuous use, leading to potential long-term health benefits. Birth control pills can provide health advantages beyond pregnancy prevention, such as lighter and more regular periods, reduced menstrual cramps and migraines, improved acne, and a lower risk of certain cancers.
Empowering individuals to take control of their reproductive health
OTC birth control pills allow individuals to take charge of their reproductive health without requiring a prescription. This shift in the clinician's role from prescriber to advisor enables patients to make informed decisions about their reproductive goals and have healthy outcomes.
It is important to note that while OTC birth control pills offer these benefits, they do not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and barrier methods like condoms should be used in conjunction for STI protection. Additionally, individuals considering birth control pills should consult with their healthcare provider to discuss their unique circumstances and determine the best birth control option for them.
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Frequently asked questions
Opill is the first and only FDA-approved daily birth control pill available over the counter in the US without a prescription. It is a progestin-only pill and does not contain estrogen.
Opill works by thickening your cervical mucus, which helps to block sperm from reaching an egg. It is to be taken once a day in a 0.075 mg dose and starts working within 48 hours of the first dose.
When used as directed, Opill is the most effective form of birth control available without a prescription, preventing pregnancy in 98% of cases.
Opill is suitable for most women and people capable of becoming pregnant, including those who are breastfeeding, perimenopausal, or smokers. It is also suitable for those with high blood pressure or who experience migraines.
Opill can be purchased online or at most major pharmacies and retailers in the family planning section.
